载人航天器密封舱内空气压力的动态分析

Dynamic analysis of the cabin atmosphere in a manned spacecraft

为了给载人航天器密封舱压力制度的建立提供依据,采用数值分析的方法,分析了小型载人航天器密封舱内的动态压力变化。使用集总参数模型和理想气体模型推导出舱内气体组分的分压力及总压变化的数学模型,用此模型计算了正常作息制度、极端作息制度以及各种氧气补充方式下的压力变化,并对比了2人和3人乘员组的压力波动幅度。结果表明,航天员的新陈代谢强度变化引起的压力波动一般不超过允许值。

The dynamic pressure variations in a smallsized manned spacecraft atmosphere were studied numerically using a lumped parameter model and the ideal gas equation to establish the pressure system. The fluctuations of the pressure components and the total pressure were calculated for various daily schedules of the crew and various O2 supply methods to compare the variation of the pressure for two or three crew numbers. The results indicate that the pressure variations due to the crew's metablism are within the permitted limitation.