论陆贾“因世而权行”的方法论思想

Methodological Thought of Lu Jia’s“Weighing One’s Action According to the Change of Circumstances”

“因世而权行”,因循世事的变化而权度其行,是陆贾一以贯之的思想方法。以此方法论思想为指导,他提出“马上得之而不可马上治之”的著名政治命题,创作了为汉家王朝奠定意识形态基础的不朽之作《新语》。从“因世而权行”出发,陆贾形成了辩证的“厚今薄古”观念,在重视当下社会的同时,承认历史中那些永恒不变的因素,以保障政治决策的制定不脱离文明的轨道。陆贾在具备科学方法论思想的同时,还具有深刻的历史洞察力,而这二者的结合则是他人生实践成功的保障。陆贾“因世而权行”的方法论思想,具有重要的启示意义。

Weighing one’s action according to the change of circumstances was Lu Jia’s consistent way of thinking.Guided by this methodological thought,Lu Jia presented the famous political proposition of“possible to conquer the world by force,but impossible to rule the world by force”,and created the immortal work Xin Yu,which laid the ideological foundation for the Han dynasty.Based on the idea of weighing one’s action according to the change of circumstances,Lu Jia developed the concept of dialectically stressing the present rather than the past.While attaching importance to the present society,this concept admits the unchangeable factors in history,so as to ensure political decision-makings not to deviate from the orbit of civilization.Lu Jia not only possessed scientific methodological thought,but also had profound historical insight.The combination of these two characters guaranteed the success of his life practice.In a word,Lu Jia’s methodological thought of weighing one’s action according to the change of circumstances possesses significant instructive meanings.