人工接种法鉴定评价西瓜枯萎病抗性新品种

Identification and Evaluation of New Watermelon Cultivar for Its Resistance to Fusarium Wilt by Artificial Inoculation Method

西瓜枯萎病是西瓜产业中最为重要的土传病害之一,利用抗病品种仍然是最理想的防治途径,然而新培育的抗病品种引入其他地区后抗性容易丧失,因此了解新品种抗性特点有助于品种推广应用。本试验通过菌土接种法鉴定了8个西瓜品种对枯萎病生理小种1的抗性,并利用分子标记进行验证。结果显示,6个供试西瓜新品种表现为中抗,与分子标记检测结果一致。其中申选958、申蜜968和申蜜6号在3次不同时间的重复试验中抗性表现差异较大,表明其抗性对环境因子尤其是温度和湿度较敏感。申抗988与申选958具有相同的抗病亲本,且分子标记检测基因型一致,但在相同环境条件下二者抗性表现差异也较大,表明由于亲本材料不同,品种间可能存在不同的微效基因或基因互作方式。

Watermelon Fusarium wilt,caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveurn,is one of the severe soil-borne fungal diseases in watermelon industry.Breeding disease resistant cultivars is still an ideal approach for controlling this disease.However,when the newly bred cultivars are introduced into the other areas,their resistances are easily lost.Therefore,understanding the characteristics of resistance is helpful for cultivar popularization and application.In this study,8 watermelon cultivars were evaluated for their resistances against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum Race 1 by fungus soil inoculation method,and verified through molecular marker.The results showed that the 6 tested new watermelon cultivars expressed middle resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum Race 1,matching with the testing results by molecular marker.Among them,the resistances of‘Shenxuan 958’,‘Shenmi 968’and‘Shenmi No.6’expressed bigger differences in 3 repeated experiments at different times,indicating their resistances were more sensitive to environment factors,especially temperature and humidity.‘Shenxuan 958’and‘Shenkang 988’had the same resistence-parent,their genotype tested by molecular marker was the same.But,under the same environment conditions,their resistances expressed larger differences,indicating that owing to different parents,there might existed different minor gene or gene interaction mode.