文学·世界·地理批评——贝尔唐·韦斯特法尔教授访谈录

Literature·world·Geocriticism:an interview with Bertrand Westphal

地理批评是进入本世纪以来出现在欧美学术界的新的批评方法,体现了前沿的空间批评走向,标志着空间批评的一种地理转向。韦斯特法尔教授1997年最先提出地理批评,并在1999年的文章《走向文本的地理批评》里正式提出将此方法运用比较文学的研究领域,之后出版了《地理批评——真实·虚构·空间》《拟真的世界——空间·地方·绘图》《子午线的牢笼》等地理批评系列专著,这些著述在广度和深度上继续发展着地理批评的理论和实践,并产生广泛的影响。其作品已被翻译成英语、德语、意大利语等多国语言,其中《地理批评》一书已被译为近10种语言。近年来随着中国文学地理学的迅猛发展,韦斯特法尔的地理批评理论亦日益引起国内学界的关注。本次访谈围绕地理批评发生和发展的历史语境、批评理论的针对性以及文学批评与世界的关系等主要问题进行了交流和探讨。

Geocriticism is a new method of criticism that has appeared in European and American academic circles since the beginning of this century.It embodies the most advanced development of spatial criticism and marks a geographical turn in this area.Professor Westphal was the first to put forward the term“geocriticism”in 1997,and formally applied this method to the research field of comparative literature in his 1999 article“A Geocritical Approach Towards Text”.Later,he published a series of monographs on geocriticism,such as Geocriticism:Real and Fictional Space,The Plausible World—A Geocritical Approach to Space,Place,and Maps and The Cage of Meridian.These writings continue to develop the theory and practice of geocriticism in breadth and depth and have a wide impact allover the world.His works have been translated into English,German,Italian and many other languages,among which Geocriticism has been translated into nearly 10 languages.With the rapid development of Chinese literary geography in recent years,Westphal s theory of geocriticism has also attracted increasing attention in domestic academic circles.This interview focuses on the historical context of the occurrence and development of geocriticism,the pertinence of this critical theory and the relationship between literary criticism and the world.