基于颌骨和股骨差异的动物实验中种植体骨结合影响因素

Differences in implant osseointegration in the jaw and femur in animal experiments

颌骨和股骨是基础研究中常用的构建骨缺损或植入种植体的部位。越来越多的研究指出,颌骨和股骨二者在胚胎发育及生长、组织形态学结构以及骨代谢等方面存在较大差异。文献复习结果表明与股骨相比,颌骨的骨膜内成骨方式可能具有更优的成骨能力,同时其内的干细胞增殖能力更强,成骨分化能力更好;但颌骨组织结构的规律性欠佳,成骨细胞成骨矿化能力稍弱,免疫细胞对细胞因子更敏感,这些可能是导致动物实验中颌骨与股骨种植体骨结合存在差异的原因,但其具体机制尚未阐明。

The jaw and femur are commonly used sites in basic research for modeling bone defects or inserting im⁃plants.An increasing number of studies have identified that the jaw and femur indeed show great differences in embry⁃onic development and growth,histomorphology and bone metabolism.A literature review showed that,compared with the femur,the main osteogenic pathway of the jaw may have better osteogenic ability,and its stem cells have better pro⁃liferation and osteogenic differentiation ability.However,the jaw structure is less regular,the osteogenic differentiation ability of its osteoblasts is mineralization slightly weak,and the immune cells of the jaw are more sensitive to cytokines.These may be the reasons why the osseointegration of the jaw implant is different from that of the femur in animal exper⁃iments,but its specific mechanism has not been clarified.