突发危机应激事件对大学生睡眠质量的影响

The effect of sudden crisis events on the sleep quality of college students

目的探讨突发危机应激事件对大学生睡眠质量的影响。方法于2019-05至08通过调查问卷的形式对某高校位1650名大学生进行调查,采用自编问卷对大学生近期(三个月内)是否存在突发应激事件进行调查,根据最终调查结果将分为观察组(存在突发危机应激事件)和对照组(无突发危机应激事件)。应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI)评价学生睡眠质量,并分析突发危机应激事件对大学生睡眠质量的影响。结果本次调查共发放问卷1650份,剔除无效问卷86份,收回有效问卷1564份,问卷有效回收率为94.79%。1564名大学生共908名近期面临突发危机应激事件,占58.06%。观察组大学生睡眠质量明显较对照组差(P<0.05),观察组PSQI总分(8.82±2.20)显著高于对照组(6.47±2.05)(P<0.05),除睡眠效率外观察组PSQI各因子得分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在面对突发危机应激事件时,部分大学生睡眠质量较差,大学生的睡眠问题形势不容忽视。高校或教育部门需给予足够的重视,建立大学生心理危机预警机制,及时发现大学生面对突发事件时的心理问题,积极对其展开心理疏导,加强大学生的应对处理能力,以减少突发危机应激事件带来的伤害。

Objective To explore the impact of sudden crisis events on the sleep quality of college students.Methods From May to August 2019,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,650 college students in a certain university,and a self-compiled questionnaire was used to investigate whether there were any unexpected crisis events in the recent period(within three months).According to the final survey results,the students were divided into an observation group(with sudden crisis events)and a control group(with no sudden crisis events).The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)was used to evaluate the sleep quality of students,and to analyze the impact of sudden crisis events on the sleep quality of college students.Results A total of 1,650 questionnaires were distributed in this survey,86 invalid questionnaires were eliminated,and 1,564 valid questionnaires were recovered.The effective response rate of the questionnaire was 94.79%.908 of 1,564 college students recently faced sudden crisis events,accounting for 58.06%.The sleep quality of college students in the observation group was significantly worse than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the total PSQI score of the observation group(8.82±2.20)was significantly higher than that of the control group(6.47±2.05)(P<0.05).Except the sleep efficacy,all factor scores of PSQI were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions In the face of sudden stress and crisis events,some college students have poor sleep quality,and their sleep problems cannot be ignored.Colleges or education departments need to pay enough attention to establish a psychological crisis early warning mechanism for college students,to detect the psychological problems of college students in the face of emergencies in time,to actively carry out psychological counseling for them,and to strengthen the ability of college students to deal with emergencies to reduce sudden stress caused by crisis events.