恩格斯自然辩证法思想对唯物史观的三重贡献

The Three Contributions of Friedrich Engels’s Thought of Dialectics of Nature to Historical Materialism

恩格斯自然辩证法思想对理解和阐释唯物史观具有重大的贡献。首先,它揭示了人类社会是自然界物质运动的产物,阐明了唯物史观历史生成的现实逻辑,批判了宗教神学将人类历史起源神秘化和抽象化的虚假理论。其次,它揭示了现实的人是历史主体的内在理论逻辑,进一步阐发了人的解放和自由全面发展的路径,为批判唯心主义“绝对精神”创造历史的错误思想提供了内在的理论支撑,廓清了唯物史观的历史主体边界。最后,它阐发了“否定的否定”“必然性与偶然性”“作用与反作用”的辩证法思想,为捍卫唯物史观提供了理论基石和方法论支撑,赋予唯物史观持久的不竭动力。

Engels’ s thought of dialectics of nature has made three contributions to understanding and interpreting historical materialism. First, it reveals that human society is the product of physical movement in nature,clarifies the realistic logic of historical materialism, and criticizes the false theory about religious theology mystifying and abstracting the origin of human history. Second, it reveals the internally theoretical logic that real men are the historical subject, further elucidates the path of human liberation and free and all-round development,provides the internally theoretical support for criticizing the wrong idea that the idealist "absolute spirit" creates history, and clarifies the historical subject boundary of historical materialism. Last but not the least, it elucidates the dialectical thought of "the negation of negation", of "necessity and contingency", and of"action and reaction", and provides the theoretical foundation and methodological support for safeguarding the historical materialism, and endows historical materialism with a lasting and inexhaustible motive force.