扩大中间品进口规模对生态环境与产业链安全影响研究——基于制造业异质性中间品进口的污染减排效应分析

The Impact of Expanding Intermediate Imports on the Ecological Environment and Industrial Chain Security——The Effect of Heterogeneous Intermediate Imports on Pollution Reduction in Manufacturing Industry

国际分工愈加细化,我国中间品进口规模不断扩大。当前国际贸易不确定因素增加,进口贸易扩大将对产业链安全和生态环境带来一定挑战。本文以制造业为例,对中间品进口与污染排放的影响及其作用机制进行实证研究,并比较异质性产业影响效应的差异。结果表明:制造业中间品进口可以降低污染排放率,并且主要途径是通过技术进步来推动污染排放降低。分行业数据显示:资本密集型产业和劳动密集型产业中间品进口对污染减排呈正向影响,但资源密集型产业中间品进口对污染减排呈负向影响,主要原因在于资源密集型产业中间品进口没有推动技术效率提高且推动技术进步有限。

The international division of work is becoming more and more detailed,and the import scale of China's intermediate products is expanding.At present,the uncertainty of international trade is increasing,and the expansion of import trade will bring certain challenges to the security of industrial chain and ecological environment.Taking manufacturing industry as an example,this paper makes an empirical study on the impact and mechanism of intermediate imports and pollution emission,and compares the differences between heterogeneous industries.The results show that the intermediate imports in the whole manufacturing industry promotes the improvement of emission reduction rate,and the main way is to promote the reduction of pollution emissions through pure technological progress.According to the data of different industries,the intermediate imports of capital intensive industries and labor intensive industries have a positive impact on the pollution reduction,but the intermediate imports of resource intensive industries have a negative impact on the pollution reduction.The main reason is that intermediate imports in resource intensive industries does not promote the improvement of technological efficiency and the promotion of technological progress is limited.