俄罗斯多元文化教育的发展图景与当代启示

The Development Vision and Contemporary Enlightenment of Russian Multicultural Education

多元文化教育是世界文化发展战略中不可分割的一部分,也是全球主要多民族国家实施的一项基本教育政策。21世纪以来,全球多元文化教育发展面临着困境和挑战。俄罗斯是一个多民族、多语言、多宗教的联邦制国家,研究俄罗斯多元文化教育的发展历程并总结其经验、教训,对世界多元文化教育发展具有一定的参考和启示意义。20世纪末,俄罗斯多元文化教育厚积薄发,表现出国家多元文化代代相传、不断更新的底蕴和潜力,成为国家一体化的有效助力、教育现代化的有用工具和形成俄罗斯身份的重要途径。21世纪初,当多元文化主义在西欧呈现衰落迹象的时候,俄罗斯作出全面创新多元文化教育的决策。在《发展俄罗斯多元文化教育的构想草案》指导下,俄罗斯客观地去看待全球化背景下民族、宗教与移民教育问题,探索融合贯通的多元文化教育发展道路。

Multicultural education is an integral part of the global cultural development strategy and as well a fundamental education policy implemented by the major multi-ethnic countries in the world. Since the21 st century,the development of global multicultural education faced difficulties and challenges. Russia is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, and multi-religious federal state. Studying the development of Russian multicultural education and summing up its experience can provide some references for global multicultural education. At the end of the 20 th century,Russian multicultural education has shown strong momentum,indicating the continuously updated potential of the country’s multiculturalism handed down for generations. It is beneficial for national integration,educational modernization and the formation of Russian identity. At the beginning of the 21 st century,when multiculturalism showed signs of decline in Western Europe,Russia made a decision to innovate multicultural education in an all-round way. Under the guidance of "Draft Concept for the Development of Multicultural Education",Russia takes an objective perspective in the issue of ethnic,religious and immigrant education in the context of globalization, and explores the integrated path of multicultural education.