“张持”式顺向残膜捡拾机构的设计与试验

Design and test of open-hold forward rotation residual film machine

针对现有残膜捡拾机构工作过程中土和杂物聚集在机组前进的方向造成的拥堵问题,为减小工作阻力,利用捡拾齿与土壤间阻力和弹簧拉力,设计了“张持”式顺向残膜捡拾机构,其包含摇臂装置和捡拾装置等装置仅在拖拉机拖拽下完成残膜捡拾,适应拖拉机前进速度。对捡拾齿进行受力分析和运动学分析,确定捡拾齿的直径为15 mm、周向排列数量14、轴向间距140 mm;通过分析捡拾齿闭合过程确定了轨道形状。田间试验表明,在机具作业速度5.15 km·h^-1、入土深度8.49 cm、张持距离7.61 cm时拾膜率达86.40%。

Aiming at the problem of congestion caused by the accumulation of soil and debris in the forward direction of the unit during the operation of the existing residual film pickup machine,in order to reduce the working resistance,the“open-hold”style of including rocker device and pickup device was designed using the resistance among the picking teeth,the soil,and the spring tension to the residual film pick-up machine,the residual film was picked up only by the tractor to adapt to the tractor’s forward speed.The force analysis and kinematics analysis of the pick-up teeth determined that the diameter of the pick-up teeth was 15 mm,the number of circumferential arrangements was 14 and the axial distance was 140 mm;the track shape were determined by analyzing the closing process of the picking teeth.Field tests showed that the film pick-up rate reached 86.40%when the machine operating speed was 5.15 km·h^-1,the soil depth was 8.49 cm,and the holding distance was 7.61 cm.The research results helped to solve the problem of residual film pollution in cotton fields and enrich the design theory of residual film recovery machinery.