2019年黑龙江省饶河口岸鼠类监测分析

Analysis of rodent surveillance at Raohe port in Heilongjiang province

目的掌握黑龙江省饶河口岸鼠类的种群构成及其携带体表寄生虫和病原体情况,为饶河口岸鼠类防制及鼠传疾病防控提供科学依据。方法2019年5-10月,每月1次在口岸周边400 m范围内,采用夹夜法对鼠类进行监测并采集鼠类体表寄生虫,检测11种重要病原体核酸。结果共捕获鼠类2科5属6种85只,鼠密度为4.86%。优势种为褐家鼠(68.24%),其次为黑线姬鼠(17.64%)。检获螨类3科6属7种85只,鼠体染螨率为16.47%。汉坦病毒、钩端螺旋体、斑点热群立克次体、伯氏疏螺旋体、巴尔通体阳性率依次为3.52%、2.35%、92.94%、12.94%和15.29%,未检测到鼠疫菌、恙虫病东方体、Q热立克次体、嗜吞噬细胞无形体等4种病原体。结论饶河口岸鼠密度高于行业标准要求;鼠类携带病原体阳性率较高,应加强防控。

Objective To master the population composition of rodents,parasites and pathogens in Raohe port of Heilongjiang province,to provide scientific basis for the control of rodent-borne diseases in Raohe port.Methods From May to October 2019,the night trap method was used to capture rodents once a month,within 400 meters around the port,and the parasites were collected.The nucleic acid of 11 important pathogens was detected.Results A total of 85 rodents belonging to 2 families,5 genera and 6 species were captured,with the rodent density was 4.86%.The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus(68.24%),followed by Apodemus agrarius(17.64%).A total of 85 mites were found,belonging to 3 families 7 species in 6 genera,and the rate of mite contamination was 16.47%.The detection positive rate of hantavirus,Leptospira,Rickettsia spp.,Borrelia burgdorferi and Bartonella was 3.52%,2.35%,92.94%,12.94%and 15.29%,respectively.Yersinia pestis,Orientia tsutsugamushi,Coxiella burnetii and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were negative.Conclusion The rat density in Raohe port was beyond the requirement of industry standard.The positive rate of rat pathogens carrying was high,the prevention and control should be strengthened.