公平视角下的城市医疗荒漠研究——以深圳市为例

Research on Urban Medical Desert from the Perspective of Equity: A Case Study of Shenzhen

目前许多城市都出现医疗资源供需失衡的问题,部分地区就医难,但也有一些地区的医疗资源密集甚至过剩。本文从"医疗荒漠"的概念出发,将社会弱势指数与可达性指数相结合,探究城市中不同弱势程度地区的就医可达性差异。主要研究发现包括:1.除人口结构弱势指数外,社会弱势群体更多集中在城市边缘地区;2.就医可达性随着城市中心区向城市外围地区逐渐降低;3.无论出行时选用小汽车还是公共交通,越弱势地区所获得的就医可达性往往也越低。希望研究结果有助于城市研究者了解社会弱势群体的空间分布,以期能为医疗资源配置的均等化发展提供有益参考。

At present, many cities have the problem of imbalance between supply and demand of medical resources, some areas are difficult to get medical treatment, but there are also some areas with intensive or even excess medical resources. Starting from the concept of "medical desert", this paper combines the social vulnerable index with the accessibility index to explore the differences of medical accessibility in different vulnerable areas of different cities. The main findings are as follows:(1) in addition to the vulnerable index of population structure, social vulnerable groups are more concentrated in urban fringe areas;(2) the accessibility to medical treatment gradually decreases with the development of urban central area to urban periphery area;(3) Whether car or public transport is used for travel,the more vulnerable areas tend to have lower access to health care. It is hoped that the research results will help urban researchers to understand the spatial distribution of social vulnerable groups, so as to provide a useful reference for the equalization of medical resource allocation.