我国健康管理(体检)机构2018年发展状况调查

A survey on the development of health management(physical examination)institutions in China in 2018

目的调查我国健康管理(体检)机构2018年的发展状况,为行业发展提供支撑数据。方法采用问卷调查法,获取30个省份348家健康管理示范基地单位和候选单位2018年度的机构规模(面积、体检量、收入),人才队伍建设(医护人员人数、研究生学历人数),科研能力和水平(发表论文数量、承担科研课题数量),适宜技术应用情况等资料,按机构所在省份、城市类别、所有制性质进行分类后作统计分析。结果 2018年度,我国健康管理(体检)机构的面积为3 000(2 000,4 434)m2,年体检量为5.00(3.37,7.97)万人次,年收入为3 791(2 391,6 168)万元,平均受检者费用为788(550,1 046)元/人。各省市的平均受检者费用和当地人均国民生产总值(GDP)呈正相关(r=0.438,P<0.05)。若按机构平均受检者费用进行排序,排名前五的省市分别为北京、浙江、重庆、广东、四川。省会及直辖市、地市级城市、县(市)级城市中健康管理(体检)机构的体检量、收入、平均受检者费用、医护人员数量、研究生学历人数、课题数量、团检比例等差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05),均为省会及直辖市市机构的值最大、县(市)级城市机构的值最小,地市级城市机构的值居中。在体检量、收入、平均受检者费用、适宜技术的数量、团检比例等指标上,优秀的独立民营体检机构与优秀公立体检机构之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),但优秀的独立民营健康体检机构数量比较少(28家,8.05%)。结论 2018年度我国健康管理(体检)机构发展势头良好,服务规模持续扩大,质量和效益不断提升。但健康管理(体检)机构发展仍然不均衡,存在地域差异。部分优秀的独立民营健康体检机构已经接近或达到优秀公立健康体检机构的水平,但其数量还较少。

Objective To investigate the development of health management(physical examination)institutions in 2018 and provide supporting data for the development of the industry.Methods Using the method of questionnaire survey,the data of 348 health management institutions in 30 provinces in 2018,including institution scale(area,number of people served,income),Manpower(number of medical staff,number of medical staff with Graduate Education),scientific research ability and level(number of published papers,number of scientific research projects undertaken),appropriate technology application,etc.,were obtained.Then according to the province and city where the institution is located and the property of ownership,the institutions were classified and their data were analyzed.Results In 2018,the area of health management(physical examination)institutions was 3000(2000,4434)m2,the annual number of people served was 5.00(3.37,7.97)×104,the annual income was 37.91(23.91,61.68)million yuan RMB,and the average cost of subjects was 788(550,1046)yuan RMB.There was a positive correlation between the average cost of subjects and the local per capita GDP(r=0.438,P<0.05).The top five provinces are Beijing,Zhejiang,Chongqing,Guangdong and Sichuan.The differences of number of people served,the annual income,the average cost of subjects,number of medical staff,number of medical staff with Graduate Education,number of scientific research projects undertaken,proportion of group examination in provincial capital city,prefecture city and county city were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the excellent independent private physical examination institutions and the excellent public physical examination institutions(P>0.05)in the above indexes,but the number of excellent independent private physical examination institutions was relatively small(n=28,8.05%).Conclusions In 2018,China′s health management(physical examination)institutions have a good development momentum,the service scale continues to expand,and the quality and efficiency continue to improve.However,the development of health management(physical examination)institutions is still uneven,and there are regional differences.Some excellent independent private health examination institutions are close to or reach the level of excellent public health examination institutions,but the number is still small.