西藏地区水生植物多样性及其空间格局初探

Diversity and spatial pattern of aquatic plants in Tibet

西藏地区作为青藏高原的主体部分,地势高峻,地理特殊,水资源和野生动植物资源丰富,调查和研究该地区的水生植物资源和空间分布格局意义重大。依据最新版本《中国水生植物》对我国水生植物的界定,以现有的植物志和文献资料为数据源,获得了西藏地区水生植物县级分布。以西藏地区的74个县为研究的地理单元,计算了每个地理单元的水生植物物种丰富度、物种密度、系统发育多样性和系统发育结构等指标。本研究收集了西藏地区的水生植物共计29科75属137种(含种下单位)。结果显示,该地区的水生植物调查还不够充分,物种多样性和系统发育多样性具有很高的正相关性,多样性最高的区域为东南部低海拔区域,同时,水资源可利用性可能是影响水生植物多样性的主要因素。

As the main part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Tibet has high terrain,special geography,rich water resources and wild animal and plant resources.It is of great significance to investigate and study the aquatic plant resources and spatial distribution pattern in this area.Based on the definition of aquatic plants in China in the latest edition of aquatic plants in China,the distribution of aquatic plants at county level in Tibet was obtained based on the existing flora and literature.Taking 74 counties in Tibet as the geographical units,the species richness,species density,phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of aquatic plants in each geographical unit were calculated.A total of 137 species of aquatic plants belonging to 75 genera and 29 families were collected in this study.The results showed that the investigation of aquatic plants in this area was not enough,and there was a high positive correlation between species diversity and phylogenetic diversity.The highest diversity area was in the southeast low altitude region.At the same time,the availability of water resources may be the main factor affecting the diversity of aquatic plants.