恒温无酶核酸扩增用于microRNA分析的研究进展

Amplified MicroRNA Analysis Based on Isothermal Enzyme-free Nucleic Acid Amplification

MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类短的非编码RNA,参与多种生物学过程,其异常表达与人类诸多疾病(如癌症)密切相关,因此它们可以作为一类潜在的分子靶标用于癌症早期诊断。miRNA的简单快速检测,对癌症的早期检测以及预后治疗意义重大。最近几年,随着对miRNA研究的不断深入,发展了许多miRNA分析方法,尤其是各种恒温核酸扩增方法,已经被广泛用于miRNA的高灵敏检测。在这篇综述中,我们总结概括了一些基于恒温无酶的核酸扩增方法,用于高灵敏度和高特异性miRNA检测,有利于生物医学分析和重大疾病诊断。

MicroRNA(called miRNA)is a group of short non-coding RNA that plays a significant role in a wide range of biological processes.The abnormal expression of miRNA is highly correlative to many human diseases(such as cancer),which is considered as a promising biomarker for clinical diagnosis.Simple and rapid detection of miRNA is of great importance for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.In recent years,many miRNA analysis methods were developed.Particularly,the isothermal nucleic acid amplification-based approaches have been widely used for highly sensitive detection of miRNA.In this review,we summarize some isothermal nucleic acid amplification-based methods for miRNA detection,which offer guidelines on the design of highly sensitive selective miRNA detection in disease diagnosis.