重大疫情防控中的府际合作——兼论新冠肺炎疫情防控

The Intergovernmental Cooperation in Major Epidemic Prevention and Control--Concurrently on COVID-19 Prevention and Control

政府是重大疫情防控责任的终极承担者和核心治理主体,实现重大疫情防控府际合作治理是完善重大疫情防控体制机制的重要方面。重大疫情的跨界特征及其防控本身的高度复杂性以及公共卫生资源的有限性与配置不均衡等现状要求加强府际合作。2003年非典疫情后,中国的重大疫情防控府际合作越来越常态化、制度化,主要体现在纵向和横向两个维度。然而,“经济人”理性、传统科层制、行政区行政、央地分权模式、“交易—合作”成本、法律法规不完善导致重大疫情防控府际合作还面临着现实困境。通过树立府际合作意识以培育府际信任关系,明确府际权责关系以革新治理结构,优化小组政治形式以建立制度化协调机制,运用现代信息技术以加强能力建设,完善法律法规以构建制度保障体系等,可以实现重大疫情防控府际合作治理。

Since governments are the ultimate responsibility undertakers and essential subjects of governance in major epidemic prevention and control,intergovernmental cooperation is an important part of optimizing the mechanism for major epidemic prevention and control.The trans-boundary characteristic and complexity of major epidemic situation together with the limited and unbalanced allocation of public health resources also call for intergovernmental cooperation.China has conducted intergovernmental cooperation on the increasingly normal and institutionalized basis since the outbreak of SARS in 2003,in both vertical and horizontal dimensions.However,intergovernmental cooperation is still confronted with realistic predicaments due to the rationality of“economic man”,traditional bureaucracy,district administration,decentralized pattern of central-local governments,“transaction-cooperation”cost and imperfect laws and regulations.We can realize intergovernmental cooperative governance in major epidemic prevention and control through the following means:increasing consciousness of intergovernmental cooperation so as to cultivate mutual trust,making clear respective power and responsibilities in the intergovernmental relations so as to reform governance structure,optimizing the forms of group politics so as to build institutionalized coordination mechanism,using modern information technology so as to strengthen capacity building,and perfecting laws and regulations so as to build institutional guarantee system.