美国高中生涯与技术教育(CTE)课程评价:经验与启示

Evaluation of the American High School Career and Technical Education(CTE)Curriculum:Experience and Enlightenment

为促进高中生生涯规划能力的发展,以职业生涯为导向的美国高中生涯与技术教育(CTE)课程不断完善其质量评价体系:评价目标上,始终体现"提高CTE课程质量,促进学生学术、技能及就业能力发展"这一中心;评价内容上,美国联邦政府、各州政府及学校各有侧重,在不同层面制定了科学合理的CTE课程评价指标体系;评价主体上,形成了政府、学校、专业评估机构等组成的多元共同体;评价方法上,采用问卷调查、方案本位等多种形式,实现定性与定量评价、过程与结果评价的统一。借鉴美国高中CTE课程评价的有益经验,我们应重视生涯规划课程评价,制定科学合理的生涯规划教育评价体系;建立学校、政府、专业机构及社团、企业与社区等的联动互评机制;采用问卷调查、量化计分、方案本位等多样化的评价方法,努力推进高中生涯规划教育的实践改革。

In order to promote the development of senior high school student's career planning competence,career-oriented American CTE curriculum has been constantly improving its quality evaluation system.In terms of the evaluation objectives,a macro to micro evaluation objective system has been established with the aim of"improving the quality of CTE curriculum and promoting the development of students'academic,technical and employ ability".In terms of evaluation content,the federal,state and school have their own content emphasis.In terms of evaluation subjects,the government,schools and professional evaluation institutions have formed a multisubject community.In terms of evaluation methods,various forms such as questionnaire survey and scheme orientation are adopted to realize the unification of qualitative and quantitative evaluation,process and result evaluation.We should develop a scientific and reasonable career planning education evaluation index system,establish interactive mutual evaluation mechanism among schools,governments,professional institutions and associations,enterprises and communities and so on,adopt various evaluation methods such as questionnaire survey,quantitative scoring and technical scheme,and strive to promote the practical reform of career planning education in senior high school.