民国时期慈善组织的联合与互动

Union and Interaction between Charitable Organizations during the Republic of China

民国时期,慈善组织在发展过程中面临着各自施政、散而乱等问题,不利于慈善事业发展,也不利于政府管理,因而,统一与联合是慈善组织内在发展的需要,也是政府管理社会组织的需要。慈善组织的联合依据所在地域由小到大分为:一市之内相同属性团体的联合和一市之内不同属性团体的联合、一省之内相同属性团体的联合、数省之间相同属性慈善组织的联合。慈善组织在联合及其运行过程中,存在横向互动与纵向互动交错,合作与矛盾相伴的特点,体现了慈善组织互动的多样性和复杂性,反映了慈善组织在个体自主性与联合统一性方面的张力。

During the period of the Republic of China,charities were faced with many problems,such as enacting policies separately,scattering and falling into chaos,which were neither conducive to the development of philanthropy,nor to the government management.Therefore,unity and association were not only the need of the internal development of charities,but also the need of the government to manage social organizations.According to the places where charities located from small to large,the association of charities could be divided into the following types:the association of charities with the same attributes within a city,the association of charities with different attributes within a city,the association of charities with the same attributes within a province,the association of charities with the same attributes between several provinces.In the process of association and subsequent operation,charities had two characteristics as follows:horizontal interaction interweaving with vertical interaction,cooperation accompanying with contradiction,which not only embodied the diversity and complexity of the interaction between charities,but also reflected the tension of charities in the aspects of both individuality and unity.