英属非洲殖民地的野生动物保护

A Study on the Wildlife Conservation in British Colonial Africa

19世纪末以后,欧洲殖民者开始关注非洲野生动物濒临灭绝问题,这原本是由于殖民者大肆破坏所导致的,但是他们却将这一问题归咎于非洲土著。在各殖民宗主国之中,英国较早推行全面的野生动物保护措施。这些举措对于非洲社会的生产、生活方式和组织形态造成深刻影响,非洲土著社会在野生动物保护方面日益遭受边缘化,而外部世界的力量日益凸显。野生动物保护并非单纯的生态议题,而是折射出英属非洲殖民地复杂的政治、经济与社会问题,反映了非洲殖民地生态环境与社会变迁之间的内在关联。

After the establishment of colonial rule,European colonizers realized the problem of wildlife endangerment.Of all the European colonizers,British colonizers were the first to undertook systematic wildlife protection measures.These measures had significant impact on the livelihoods of African societies.The indigenous African societies were marginalized in wildlife protection,while the external intervention had become increasingly prominent.Wildlife protection were not simply ecological,but had complicated political,economic and social dimensions,which also reflected the close connections between social and environmental change in African colonies.