情态副词“说不定”的情态化研究

On the Modality of the Modal Adverb“Shuobuding”(说不定)

现代汉语中“说不定”有三种用法:即述补短语、凝固性的短语词和情态副词。这三种用法的“说不定”之间有着内在关联并发生了情态化,表现为从自由成分到黏着成分,从句法主语到言者主语、肯定形式从有到无、认识情态从有到无、从命题功能到语篇功能等。副词“说不定”的情态化受句法和语义的双重制约,言者主语、预设-焦点和事件叙实性等的变化起了重要作用。“说不定”情态化的动因在于句子信息量的调整和信息地位的变化。

“Shuobuding”(说不定)in modern Chinese has three usages:verb complement phrase,phrasal word,and modal adverb.These usages have internal relations manifested in the following aspects:from free component to adhesive component,from syntactic subject to speaker subject,from affirmation to non-affirmation,from epistemic modality to nothingness,from propositional function to textual function.The modality of the“shuobuding”(说不定)is restricted by syntax and semantics,and the changes of subject,presupposition focus and event narration play an important roles.The modality motivation are the adjustment of the information quantity and the change of information status.