资历框架维度划分的基础:学习成果分类理论及其应用探析——以欧洲地区为例

The Basis of Dimension Classification of Qualification Framework:Typology of Learning Outcomes and Its Application——Taking Europe Region as an Example

学习成果是国家资历框架及其资格标准构建的核心要素,深入探究学习成果分类理论及其在成果维度划分中的作用机制是构建国家资历框架的前提和基础。通用KSC分类法是目前国际上认可程度较高的学习成果分类理论,以欧洲地区的资历框架为例,该分类理论分别从水平与垂直两大维度对资历框架的资格标准进行维度划分与资格描述上的规范与指导,表现出整体趋同化和个体差异化的应用特点。从多国资历框架的构建实践来看,厘清学习成果内涵,科学运用学习成果理念,合理划分和描述学习成果维度,可以为各国建立国家资历框架提供坚实的理论基础。

Learning outcomes are the core concepts and elements of national qualification framework and its qualification standards.Understanding the learning outcomes taxonomy and its function mechanism is the premise and basis for countries to build their national qualification frameworks.Learning outcomes taxonomy such as generic KSC typology is different from general learning outcomes taxonomy.With its own generality and comprehensiveness,generic KSC typology divides and describes the qualification criteria of qualification framework from horizontal and vertical.Taking the qualification framework in Europe as an example,learning outcomes taxonomy has the characteristics of overall convergence and individual differentiation in the qualification framework.Clarifying the connotation of learning outcomes,rationally dividing and describing learning outcomes,and scientifically and rationally using learning outcomes can provide countries with a sound theoretical foundation for establishing their national qualification framework.