实时功能性磁共振成像神经反馈的研究进展

Advances in Real-Time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurofeedback

神经反馈是一种自我调节技术,可以为个体特定的脑活动和关联行为提供反馈。实时功能性磁共振成像神经反馈(rtf MRI-nf)作为一种新型的神经反馈技术,要求参与者在训练中通过改变血氧水平依赖信号指数,以调节大脑活动。近期rtf MRI-nf在数据采集和分析方面已取得重大进展,开始出现两种新的rtf MRI-nf技术,即解码神经反馈和基于功能连接的神经反馈。介绍这两种新的rtf MRI-nf技术,总结其在内隐方案、多变量分析和连接性分析等关键方法领域的进展。综述两种rtf MRI-nf技术在知觉学习、元认知等基础研究领域以及恐惧消除、抑郁症、孤独症谱系障碍和尼古丁成瘾等临床研究领域的现状,最后讨论目前这两种rtf MRI-nf技术潜在的"一对多"关系和维度诅咒两大问题,并提出解决对策。

Neurofeedback refers to a self-regulation technique that provides individuals with feedback about specific brain activity in connection with a related behavior.Real-time Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neurofeedback(rtfMRI-nf)is a novel neurofeedback technique,requiring participants to adjust blood oxygen level-dependent signal index during training to regulate their brain activity.Recently,rtfMRI-nf has made significant progress in data acquisition and analysis.Two new rtfMRI-nf technologies have begun available,decoded neurofeedback and functional connectivity-based neurofeedback.This paper introduced the two new rtfMRI-nf technologies and summarizes their progress in key method areas such as implicit protocol,multivariate analysis,and connectivity analysis.At the same time,this paper reviewed the current status of the two rtfMRInf technologies in basic research fields such as perceptual learning and metacognition,as well as clinical research fields such as fear elimination,depression,autism spectrum disorder and nicotine addiction.Finally,we discussed the two potential problems of"one to many"relationship and dimension curse of these two rtfMRInf technologies,and propose solutions.