麻栎不同种源幼林生长和生物量的变异

Variation in Growth and Biomass of Quercus acutissima Provenances

[目的]通过种源试验研究麻栎生长动态变化及不同种源生长差异,为麻栎炭用林高效培育提供优良种植材料。[方法]以安徽省滁州市红琊山国有林场麻栎种源试验林为研究对象,通过调查35个种源的存活率,以及1年生、4年生、7年生和11年生麻栎生长和地上生物量变化,分析种源间林木生长差异,并对生长性状进行聚类分析和综合评价。[结果]不同种源麻栎1年生幼苗平均成活率为89.50%,11年生林分平均保存率为72.82%,不同种源间变异系数为13.70%。不同种源树高、胸径(地径)、地上单株生物量的差异随林龄增加逐渐减小,总体上地上单株生物量变异最大,其次为胸径(地径),而树高变异程度相对较小。聚类分析发现,四川、贵州等地种源在试验区幼林期具有较高的保存率和生长优势,而山东、湖北等地的种源表现较差。[结论]麻栎种源间生长量和生物量差异随林龄增加呈动态变化,试验区以云贵高原地区种源的生长表现较好。

[Objective] To investigate the dynamic changes of growth traits in Quercus acutissima based on provenance test in order to select excellent materials for fuelwood plantation. [Method] Provenance test of Q. acutissima was conducted in Hongyashan Forest Farm of Chuzhou City, Anhui Province. The survival rate, growth and aboveground biomass(AGB) of 35 provenances were investigated within 11 years. The variation of growth traits of various Q. acutissima provenances were investigated and analyzed every three years by cluster analysis. [Result] The average survival rate of 1-year-old Q. acutissima was 89.50%, and it was 72.82% at the age of 11 with a 13.70% coefficient of variation. The differences in tree height(H), diameter at breast height(DBH)(or ground diameter(GD)) and AGB of individual trees among the 35 provenances became smaller with the increase of tree age. The variation of AGB of individual tree was the largest among the provenances, followed by DBH(or GD), and H was smallest. The cluster analysis of growth traits showed that provenances from Sichuan and Guizhou had higher growth rates, while the growth rates were lower in Shandong and Hubei provenances. [Conclusion] The performance of growth and aboveground biomass among provenances varied with increasing stand age. At the stage of young age,the Q. acutissima provenances from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau showed better growth performance in the study area.