易地扶贫搬迁:成效、问题与政策反思——基于宁夏H县S村的调研

Relocation for Poverty Alleviation:Effect,Problems and Policy Reflections:Based on a Survey in S Village,H County,Ningxia Province

易地扶贫搬迁是保护生态脆弱区环境、解决农村深度贫困的重要方式。宁夏是易地扶贫搬迁的主战场。对宁夏H县易地扶贫搬迁型S村的调查发现,S村通过推进健康、教育、住房安全“三保障”、基础设施建设以及产业扶贫多重举措,改善了村民的整体生活居住条件,有效促进了农户脱贫致富。同时,S村的易地扶贫搬迁也存在着产业扶贫项目收效甚微、扶贫精准度不高、部分群众对扶贫工作满意度不高等问题。文章在上述分析的基础上提供了一些有益的思考,并提出了相关政策调整的对策建议。

Relocation for poverty alleviation and relocation is an important way to protect the environment of fragile ecological areas and solve the deep poverty in rural areas.Ningxia is the main area for poverty alleviation and relocation.The survey of S Village in H County of Ningxia for relocation for poverty alleviation found that S Village has improved the overall living conditions of the vil⁃lagers and effectively promoted the“three guarantees”of health,education and housing safety;infrastructure construction as well as industrial poverty alleviation.In this way,farmer households got rid of poverty and became rich.At the same time,the poverty al⁃leviation and relocation of S Village have problems such as poor outcome of industrial poverty alleviation projects,low pertinence of poverty alleviation,and low satisfaction of some people with poverty alleviation work.On the basis of the above analysis,the article provides some useful thinking,and proposes countermeasures and suggestions for possible policy adjustments.