老年人劳动参与会影响家庭风险资产配置吗?——基于CHFS(2017)数据

Does Labor Participation of the Elderly Affect the Allocation of Family Risk Assets?Based on CHFS(2017)Data

为了应对老龄化,促进国家老龄事业和养老体系建设的发展是我国"十三五"规划的重要组成部分,其中老年人劳动参与是一个重要的研究话题。家庭的需要促使老年人参与劳动,这会对家庭风险资产配置产生重要的影响,进而影响经济的发展。文章基于中国家庭金融调查2017年的家庭数据,通过利用Probit和Tobit模型实证研究老年人劳动参与对家庭风险资产配置的影响。结果表明:家庭老年人劳动参与并未能有效缓解家庭抚养负担,家庭参与家庭风险资产的概率和持有占比会降低;在老年人劳动参与的背景下,年龄对家庭风险资产配置的生命周期效应并不明显;另外,老年人劳动参与对家庭风险资产配置的影响在城乡背景上表现出异质性,相对于城市地区的家庭,农村地区老年人劳动参与对家庭风险资产配置的影响更为突出。结论为理解家庭风险资产配置提供新视角,也为开发老年人力资源和完善养老保险制度提供了参考依据。

In order to deal with the aging, to promote the development of the national aging cause and pension system construction is an important part of the 13 th five year plan, in which the labor participation of the elderly is an important research topic. The needs of the family urge the elderly to participate in labor, which will exert much impact on the allocation of family risk assets, then affect the economic development. Based on the household data of China Household Finance Survey in 2017, this paper uses probit and tobit models to empirically study the impact of elderly labor participation on family risk asset allocation. The results show that:the labor participation of the elderly can not effectively alleviate the burden of family support, and the probability and proportion of family participation in family risk assets are reduced;under the background of elderly labor participation, the life cycle effect of age on family risk asset allocation is not obvious;in addition, the impact of elderly labor participation on family risk asset allocation shows heterogeneity in urban and rural context, in which labor participation of the elderly in rural areas has a more prominent impact on the allocation of family risk assets than it in urban areas. The paper tries to propose a new perspective for understanding the allocation of family risk assets, and provides a reference for the development of human resources for the elderly and the improvement of the pension system.