基于土地利用变化的中国生境质量时空演变分析

Analysis on spatial-temporal variation of habitat quality in China based on land use change

评估土地利用变化引起的生境质量,揭示人类活动对该地区生态环境的影响程度,对生态环境保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。基于土地利用现状数据,应用InVEST模型、核密度估计法和标准差椭圆分析了我国2000、2005、2010、2018年生境质量时空演变与重心转移特征。研究结果表明:(1)2000~2018年我国的生境质量整体空间格局较为稳定,城乡接合部是生境质量降低最为剧烈的区域;(2)研究期内生境质量变化经历了活跃-相对冷却-活跃的阶段,由东南沿海向内陆转移,长江流域成为新的生境质量变化活跃区,反映了不同时期人们对自然环境的影响程度的差异;(3)2000~2018年生境质量变化重心经历了先向东南,再向西北变化的反复过程,变化主要方向为西北-东南方向。

It is of great significance for the ecological environmental protection and sustainable development by assessing the habitat quality changes caused by land use and revealing the impact from human activities on the ecological environment.This study analyzed the characteristics of the spatial-temporal variation of habitat quality and the evolution of key point in China in 2000,2005,2010 and 2018 based on the current land use data by applying the InVEST model,the kernel density estimation method and the standard deviation ellipse.The results showed that 1)The overall spatial pattern of habitat quality in China from 2000 to 2018 was relatively stable,and the habitat quality in urban-rural junction area reduced most severely;2)In study period,the habitat quality changes experienced the stage of active-relatively cool-active,and the active area shifted from the southeast coast to the inland.The Yangtze River Basin became a new active area of habitat quality changes,reflecting the difference in the degree of human impact on the natural environment in different periods;3)The core point of habitat quality changes from 2000 to 2018 experienced a repeated process of first to the southeast and then to the northwest.The main direction of change was northwest-southeast.