不同刈割时期与干燥方式对大麦饲草品质的影响

Effects of different cutting times and drying methods on the quality of barley forage

为研究不同刈割时期与干燥方式对大麦(Hordeum vulgare)饲草品质的影响,以饲料大麦品种皖饲2号和皖饲啤14008为对象,比较了3个刈割时期(抽穗期、灌浆期和乳熟期)和2种干燥方式(烘箱烘干、自然晾干)下饲草品质的差异。结果显示:两个大麦品种随着刈割期的后移,饲草粗蛋白质量分数不断下降,其中抽穗期粗蛋白质量分数最高;粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维质量分数先升高后降低,相对饲用价值则先降低后升高;木质素质量分数、鲜重、干重和粗蛋白产量不断上升,于乳熟期达最高值。烘箱烘干与自然晾干相比,大麦饲草粗蛋白质量分数高,粗纤维质量分数低,饲草品质比自然晾干好。因此,抽穗期刈割大麦,饲草品质好,可直接青饲或制成干草,而乳熟期刈割大麦,能兼顾营养产量和品质,适宜制作青贮饲料;采用设备烘干,能更有效保障大麦饲草品质。

The effects of different cutting times and drying methods on the quality of two barley varieties(Wansi 2 and Wansipi 14008)under 3 cutting times(heading stage,filling stage and milking stage)and 2 drying methods(oven-dried and air-dried)treatments were studied.The results indicated that the crude protein content of two varieties decreased with the cutting time,and the maximum value was obtained at heading stage;The contents of crude fiber,acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber firstly increased and then decreased while the relative feed value firstly decreased and then increased;The lignin content,fresh matter yield,dry matter yield and crude protein yield increased and reached the highest at milking stage.Compared with the air-dried method,the oven-dried barley forage had higher crude protein content,lower crude fiber content,and forage quality was better.In conclusion,the barley forage cutting at heading stage had higher quality and could be directly fed by livestock or used for hay making,while the barley forage cutting at milking stage could obtain both higher nutrient yield and relative feeding value,which was suitable for silage production.The quality of barley forage could be more effectively maintained by rapid drying method.