我国家庭参与老年人机构养老动机及行为的质性研究

Motivation and behavior of family involvement for elderly in long-term care facilities in China

目的探讨我国文化背景下家庭参与老年人机构养老的动机和具体行为,为提高家庭参与机构老年人养老质量提供参考。方法采用质性研究中半结构式访谈法,对14名机构养老的老年人家庭成员进行半结构深入访谈,采用Colaizzi七步法对资料进行整理和分析。结果家庭参与的动机可归纳为承担赡养责任、满足情感需求、维持家庭关系、树立反哺榜样、保证养老质量和弥补愧疚之情6个主题;家庭参与老年人机构养老行为多样,归纳为参与情感慰藉、参与生活照护、参与经济支持、参与决策支持、参与监督照护和参与指导建议6个主题。结论探讨家庭参与的动机,整合家庭参与老年人机构养老的行为是了解家庭参与水平和机构老年人的养老质量、主观幸福感等之间关系的重要手段,是制订有效促进家庭参与干预方案的有力基础。

Objective To explore the motivations and specific behaviors of family involvement for elderly in long-term care facilities in China.Methods Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 family members of elderly in long-term care facilities,and the data were collated and analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step method.Results Six motive themes were formed:taking the responsibility,meeting the emotional needs,maintaining family relationships,establishing model of feeding back,ensuring the quality of elderly care,making up for the guilt.Six behavior themes were formed:emotional comfort,life care,economic support,decision support,supervision and care,and guidance.Conclusion Exploring the motivations and specific behaviors of family involvement for elderly in long-term care facilities is important to understand the relationship between family participation level and the quality of the elderly and subjective well-being of the elderly,and it is the fundamental strategy for formulating effective intervention programs.