基于GNSS-RTK技术的双层滑坡监测系统设计与实现

Design and implementation of a double-layer landslide monitoring system based on GNSS-RTK technology

滑坡、泥石流是目前我国最为多发的形变类地质灾害,建立高精度、实时、稳定的监测系统一直是倍受关注的重要安全问题。针对传统GNSS-RTK滑坡监测系统随着观测节点增加导致系统效率低下问题和基站与观测站同时位移导致的漏警问题,提出基于GNSS-RTK技术的双层滑坡监测系统,新系统在传统滑坡监测系统的基础上,在一些重要节点区域上新增微网观测系统,由“点”监测改进为微区域“面”监测,并实现了基于GNSS-RTK技术的形变数据采集和基于LoRa、LTE技术的数据传输。试验结果表明,数据传输可靠高效,且系统测量精度可达毫米级,满足滑坡监测要求,并可通过调整观测站微区域中的观测节点密度和基线长度满足不同环境的需求。

Landslide and debris flow are the most frequent deformation geological disasters in our country.It is an important safety issue to establish a high-precision,real-time and stable monitoring system.Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of the traditional GNSS-RTK landslide monitoring system as the number of observation nodes increases and the alarm leakage caused by the simultaneous displacement of the base station and observation station,a double-layer landslide monitoring system based on GNSS-RTK technology is proposed.The double-layer landslide monitoring system based on GNSS-RTK technology is proposed.On the basis of the traditional landslide monitoring system,the new system adds a micro network observation system in some important node areas,which is improved from the previous"point"monitoring to the micro area"surface"monitoring,and realizes the deformation data collection based on GNSS-RTK technology and data transmission based on Lora and LTE technology.The test results show that the data transmission is reliable and efficient,and the measurement accuracy of the system can reach millimeter level,which can meet the requirements of landslide monitoring.The density of observation nodes and the length of baseline in the micro area of the observation station can be adjusted to meet the needs of different environments.