东部白松物候学特性及年生长规律观测

Observation of Phenological Characteristics and Annual Growth Regularity of Pinus strobus

对吉林地区引种栽培的东部白松进行了连续2年的物候及年生长观测的结果表明:东部白松历经2年完成1个物候周期,在吉林地区4月20日开始树液流动,活动积温为211.7℃,平均气温为7.2℃,5月8日开始芽膨大,5月25日至6月25日为枝生长盛期,主枝平均生长量为57.20 mm。8月中下旬小枝完全木质化,停止生长,雄球花5月中下旬大量产生,5月底开始散粉,散粉期持续10天左右,雌花6月初出现,授粉期3~4天,雄花散粉高峰期与雌花开放时间基本一致,平均气温可达25℃左右,散粉及授粉受温度和降雨影响较大,球果6月上旬形成,经过2年的生长,于次年8月中下旬种子成熟,种鳞开裂,种子散落。

The phenology and annual growth of Pinus strobus in Jilin Province were observed continuously for 2 A in order to determine the relationship between phenology and temperature. The results showed that the sap flow began on April 20, the accumulated temperature was 211.7 ℃ the average temperature was 7.2 ℃,and the buds expanded on May 8, the period from May 25 to June 25 was the peak of shoot growth, and the average shoot growth was 57.20 mm. In the middle and late August, the twigs were completely lignified and stopped growing. The male strobilus produced a lot in the middle and late May, and began to disperse pollen at the end of May. The period of pollination lasted about 10 days, the peak period of male flower pollination is similar to the opening time of female flower, the average temperature can reach about 25 ℃, the pollination and pollination are greatly affected by temperature and rainfall, the cone forms in early June, after two years’ growth, the seed ripens in the middle and late August of the next year, seed Scales dehiscence and seed dispersal provide theoretical basis for timely seed collection.