荣昌无刺花椒优树选择及抗逆性观察

Selection of Superior Trees and Observation of Stress Resistance of Zanthoxyjum bungeanum DC.cv.’Rongchang wuci huajiao’

采用树龄、树高、冠幅、地径、产量、产量稳定性、间作、施肥、修枝、根腐病、天牛、锈病、坡位、土层厚度、果形、果色、果味、挥发油、灰分、千粒重等综合指标对复选的100株荣昌无刺花椒优良单株进行综合评分,最后决选出80分以上的一级优良单株46株,很好地解决了荣昌无刺花椒缺乏优树选择统一标准的问题。同时,通过最冷月1月抗冻性观察、最热月7月抗旱性和耐瘠薄观测、并根据病虫害发生规律随时对病虫害进行观测,结果表明:荣昌无刺花椒抗冻害、耐干旱、耐瘠薄,抗病虫害。

In this paper, comprehensive indexes of the tree such as tree-age, height of tree, crown breadth,ground diameter, yield, yield stability, intercropping, fertilization, pruning, root rot, long-horned beetle, rust disease, slope position, soil layer thickness, fruit shape, fruit color, fruity, volatile oil, ash content, thousand seed weight and 1000 grain weight was used to evaluate the selected 100 excellent single plants of Zanthoxyjum bungeanum DC.cv.’Rongchang wuci huajiao’comprehensively. In the end, 46 first-class excellent plants with more than 80 scores were selected, which solved the problem of lacking uniform standard for superior tree selection of Zanthoxyjum bungeanum DC.cv.’Rongchang wuci huajiao’. At the same time, through the observation of frost resistance in January of the coldest month, the observation of drought resistance and barren tolerance in July of the hottest month, and the observation of diseases and insect pests at any time according to the occurrence law of diseases and insect pests, we could get the results that Zanthoxyjum bungeanum DC.cv.’Rongchang wuci huajiao’ was resistanted to freezing injury, drought, barren,disease and insect pests.