煤炭地下气化技术进展

New development of coal gasification technology

煤炭地下气化(UCG)是深部煤炭资源开发的有效手段,属于清洁高效开发和利用的技术范畴,与传统的采煤-地面气化相比在经济性、安全性、清洁性等方面具有明显的优势。综述了煤炭地下气化技术的发展历程、气化原理以及不同气化工艺发展现状,认为钻井式(无井式)煤炭地下气化技术是未来发展趋势。分析了该技术在气化区域科学选址、气化剂选择、燃空区控制与监测、超短水平井技术以及气化产物分级综合利用等方面的最新进展及发展趋势,阐明煤炭地下气化-碳捕获碳利用碳封存(UCG-CCUS)技术联合应用将会真正成为新一代的深部资源绿色高效开发技术。

Underground coal gasification(UCG)is an effective means to exploit deep coal resources,and is a technology of clean and efficient development and utilization of energies.As compared with the traditional coal mining and surface gasification,it enjoys obvious advantages of economy,safety and cleanness,among other advantages.This paper reviews the development history,the gasification principle and the current situation of different gasification processes in the coal underground gasification,and it is pointed out that no-shaft underground coal gasification technology is the development trend in the future.A brief assessment of the latest advances and the development tendency is made,including the site selection,the selective gasifier,the goaf control and detection,the ultra-short horizontal well technology,the classification and the comprehensive utilization of gasification products.It is shown that combined application of the UCG-CCUS technology will make the underground coal gasification truly a new generation of green coal mining technology.