阻燃无甲醛胶黏剂制备胶合板的研究

Research on Plywood by Flame Retardant and Aldehyde Free Adhesive

为解决水性高分子-异氰酸酯(API)胶黏剂防火性能差的问题,现对API胶黏剂进行阻燃改良,以达到提高API胶黏剂阻燃性的目的。通过对API胶黏剂中主剂聚乙烯醇的改性,将聚乙烯醇分子链上的羟基官能团与磷酸分子进行反应,酯化得到聚乙稀醇磷酸酯(PPVA),在API胶黏剂中改变无机填料为阻燃剂镁铝水滑石(LDH),具有协同阻燃效果,可与聚乙烯醇磷酸酯进行协效阻燃。本研究阻燃改性API胶黏剂的组成百分比为:PPVA代替聚乙烯醇(PVA)占主剂的70%,胶乳(SBR)占主剂的30%,固化剂(M-PDI)占主剂的10%,作为无机填料的水滑石(LDH)质量占主剂的30%。实验结果表明:阻燃改性后的API胶黏剂胶合板的胶合强度能够满足Ⅱ类胶合板要求,降低了胶合板燃烧热释放和烟气释放,具有阻燃和抑烟的效果。

In order to solve the problem of poor fire resistance of waterborne polymer-isocyanate(API) adhesive, the flame retardant improvement of API adhesive was carried out to improve the flame retardancy of API adhesive. Through the modification of polyvinyl alcohol, the main agent in API adhesive, the hydroxyl functional group of polyvinyl alcohol molecular chain was reacted with phosphoric acid molecule, and phosphate polyvinyl alcohol was obtained by esterification.(PPVA), changed inorganic filler into flame retardant mg-Al hydrotalcite(LDH), in API adhesive, which had synergistic flame-retardant effect and can be synergistically flame retardant with polyvinyl alcohol phosphate. In this study, the composition percentage of flame retardant modified API adhesive was as follows: polyvinyl alcohol phosphate(PPVA) instead of polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) accounted for 70% of the main agent, latex(SBR) accounted for 30% of the main agent, curing agent(M-PDI) accounted for 10% of the main agent, and hydrotalcite(LDH) as an inorganic filler accounted for 30% of the main agent. The experimental results showed that the bonding strength of flame retardant modified API adhesive plywood can meet the requirements of Ⅱ plywood, reduce the combustion heat release and smoke release of plywood, and had the effect of flame retardant and smoke suppression.