方舱实验室应对重大突发公共卫生事件的运行管理标准化研究

Research on Standardization of Operation Management of Shelter Laboratory in Response to Major Public Health Emergencies

目的重大突发公共卫生事件与人民群众的生命安全关系紧密,结合方舱实验室的实践经验,分析方舱实验室的设计构建流程和运行管理标准,探讨方舱实验室应对重大突发公共卫生事件的运行管理标准。方法收集方舱实验室的应急建设和运行管理的相关资料,从选址原则、结构布局、设施和设备、信息系统配置及人员配置、检测质量、生物安全、物资储备、消防安全的管理等方面系统进行分析和整合。结果方舱实验室具备设计灵活、建设周期短、造价较普通建筑物低、可维护性好等特点,能够确保生物安全和检测质量等实验室功能的实现,为新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情防控提供了实验室应急保障。结论方舱实验室是快速扩展实验室面积和功能,更好保障标本检测生物安全和相关检测项目开展的重要途径之一,可以满足快速建设实验室、提升检测能力的需求,为应对COVID-19疫情等重大突发公共卫生事件具有积极的重要意义。

Objective Major public health emergencies are closely related to the lives and safety of the people.To discuss the standards of operation management of shelter laboratories when dealing with major public health emergencies by combining the practical experience of shelter laboratories,analyzing the design and construction process and operation management standards of shelter laboratories.Methods The information was systematically analyzed and integrated from the aspects of site selection principles,structural layout,facilities and equipment,information system configuration and staffing,testing quality,biological safety,material storage,fire safety management through collecting relevant data on emergency construction and operation management of shelter laboratories.Results The shelter laboratory had the characteristics of flexible design,short construction period,lower cost than ordinary buildings,and high maintainability.It could ensure the realization of laboratory functions,such as biosafety and testing quality,and provide emergency support for the prevention and control of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19).Conclusion As one of the important ways to rapidly expand the area and functions of laboratory and ensure the biosafety and related testing projects for specimen detection,the shelter laboratory can meet the needs of rapidly building laboratories and improving detection capacity.To sum up,the shelter laboratory is of positive significance in responding to major public health emergencies such as COVID-19.