电力现货背景下的可再生能源配额制、绿色电力证书及碳交易等机制改进设计

Design Improvement of Renewable Portfolio Standard,Green Electricity Certificate and Carbon Trading Mechanisms against a Background of Electric Spot Market

随着电力现货8个试点省份开展连续试运行结算,电力现货模式初具雏形。现货市场能够实现资源优化配置,促进新能源消纳。可再生能源消纳保障机制、绿色电力证书、碳市场机制与电力现货将一直共存。现行机制下,绿色电力证书与补贴捆绑,相对价格较高,市场反应冷淡;可再生能源消纳保障机制与绿色电力证书存在双重计量的问题。本文从可再生能源保量保价的角度出发,提出了新的市场机制设计方案及建议。绿色电力证书制度纳入平价项目,存量项目与补贴解绑;可再生能源消纳保障机制与电力现货市场结合开展,确保消纳指标完成。建议放开可再生能源直接参与市场,绿电交易实现多方共赢。可再生能源企业与用户进行双边绿电直接交易,建议以绿色能源企业为先行试点。最后,建立了可再生能源为中心的机制体系,并展示了体系内部相互关系,为下一步市场机制改进、促进可再生能源健康发展提供了思路。

With the continuous trial operation and settlement in 8 pilot provinces,the pattern of electricity spot market has taken shape.The spot market can optimize the allocation of resources and promote the consumption of renewable energy.Renewable energy consumption guarantee mechanism,green electricity certificate,carbon market mechanism and electricity spot market will always coexist.Under the current mechanism,green electricity certificate is bundled with subsidies and has relatively high price and cold market response.There is a problem of dual measurement between the renewable energy consumption guarantee mechanism and the green electricity certificate.From the perspective of quantity guarantee and price guarantee of renewable ener-gy,this paper proposes a new design scheme of market mechanism and suggests that the green electricity certificate system should be included in parity project and the stock project should be decoupled from the subsidies.The renewable energy consumption guarantee mechanism should be combined with the electricity spot market to ensure the completion of consumption targets.It is recommended that renewable energy should be allowed to directly participate in the market,and green electricity transaction is conducive to achieving a win-win situation for all parties.Direct bilateral green electricity transaction should be carried out between re-newable energy enterprises and users,and green energy enterprises are recommended as the pilot projects.Finally,a mechanism system centered on renewable energy is established,and the interrelationship within the system are displayed,providing ideas for improving the market mechanism and promoting the healthy development of renewable energy in the future.