基于UWB技术的矿井人员定位系统设计

Design of mine personnel positioning system based on UWB technology

为提升矿井人员的定位精度与实时性,针对基于WiFi、蓝牙、RFID和Zigbee等无线通信技术的矿井人员定位系统存在有效通信距离短、定位精度不高的局限,提出了一种基于超宽带(UWB)技术的矿井人员定位系统并在煤矿井下进行了应用。该系统利用到达时间测距方法(TOF),采用单个读卡器即可独立组网并实现对识别卡进行测距定位的结构形式设计,通过在读卡器内设置2块拥有TOF算法的射频模块,记录每个射频模块独立测量该模块与识别卡之间信号往返的到达时间,并依据算法公式计算出两节点之间的距离,来实现人员定位。通过现场实测和分析,认为该系统受环境影响小,定位精度高,进一步促进了井下人员定位技术的发展。

In order to improve the accuracy and real-time performance of mine personnel positioning system,aiming at the limitations of short effective communication distance and low positioning accuracy of mine personnel positioning system based on WiFi,Bluetooth,RFID and ZigBee wireless communication technologies,a mine personnel positioning system based on ultra wideband(UWB)technology was proposed and applied in coal mine.Using time of flight(TOF)method,the system can independently network through a single card reader,and realize the ranging and positioning of the identification card.By setting two RF modules with TOF algorithm in the reader,the signal arrival time between the module and the identification card independently measured by each RF module is recorded,and the distance between the two nodes is calculated to achieve personnel positioning.The field practice shows that the system is less affected by the environment and has high positioning accuracy,which further promotes the development of underground personnel positioning technology.