矿区地表与建(构)筑物移动变形关系实测研究

In-site monitoring study on relationship between movement and deformation of surface and buildings in mining area

针对矿区建(构)筑物损害防护的研究由来已久,特别是我国东部矿区压煤问题较为突出,因缺乏科学合理的抗变形建筑设计指导原则,存在建(构)筑物防护的不合理或搬迁矛盾激化等经济社会问题。传统的地表与建构筑物变形关系研究成果,难以适用于现代建筑材料与结构形式下建构筑物与地表变形特征。为此,以开滦某矿工业广场煤柱开采下的建构筑物为研究对象,针对建(构)筑物分布情况来设计地表与建(构)筑物变形监测网,并选取典型建(构)筑物及对应的地表点进行7次同步观测,研究矿区地表及典型建(构)筑物间的移动变形关系。结果表明:建(构)筑物和地表同步下沉,呈线性函数关系;建筑物整体倾斜变形与地表基本同步,受整体结构影响,建筑物局部倾斜变形较小;占地面积小的低层规则建筑物受到的曲率变形比地表小,占地面积大的多层建筑物易出现负曲率变形。研究成果可为类似条件下煤矿开采与建筑物保护提供依据和参考。

The research on the damage protection of buildings and structures in mining area has a long history,especially in the coal mine in the eastern area of China.Due to the lack of scientific and reasonable guiding principles for the design of anti-deformation buildings,there are economic and social problems such as unreasonable protection of buildings and structures or intensified relocation contradictions.The results of traditional research on the relationship between the surface and the deformation of buildings and structures are difficult to ap⁃ply to the deformation characteristics of buildings and surfaces in the form of modern building materials and structures.In this paper,the coal pillar mining of a mine industrial square in Kailuan Group is taken as the research object.According to the distribution of buildings,the surface and buildings’deformation monitoring network was designed,and the typical buildings and their surfaces are selected for 7 times of synchronous observation,and then the influence relationship between the surface of the industrial square and the movement and deformation of the typical buildings is obtained.The results show that:the subsidence of buildings(structures)and surface are synchro⁃nous with the linear function.The overall tilt of buildings is basically synchronous with the surface,and the local tilt deformation of build⁃ings is small due to the influence of the overall structure.The curvature deformation of regular low rise buildings with small footprints smal⁃ler than that of the surface,and the multistory buildings with large footprint are prone to negative curvature deformation.The research re⁃sults can provide basis and reference for coal mining and building protection under similar conditions.