不同玉米品种青贮收获期茎秆抗倒力学特性比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Stalk Lodging-Resistance of Different Maize Cultivars during Silage Harvest Period

以34个玉米品种为试材,在青贮收获期调查田间倒伏率、株高、穗位高、茎粗等农艺性状,测定茎秆穿刺强度及压碎强度,比较分析不同玉米品种的茎秆力学特性、品种差异性和指标相关性,为筛选抗倒能力强、适宜机械化收获的青贮玉米品种提供理论依据。结果表明,茎秆基部节间的穿刺强度及压碎强度随节间的上升逐渐降低,且与株高存在显著正相关关系。茎折是玉米青贮收获期倒伏的关键因素,参试的34个玉米品种中,32D22、先玉1692、东单606和KXA4574综合抗倒能力较强。

Thirty-four maize cultivars were used in a field experiment for this study.During silage harvest peri⁃od of maize,the mechanical properties,variety differences and index correlation of different maize varieties were compared and analyzed after the investigation of field lodging rate,plant height,ear height,stalk diameter,rind pen⁃etration strength(RPS)and crushing strength(CS).All of these can provide a theoretical basis for screening silage maize varieties with strong lodging resistance and suitable mechanical harvesting properties.The results showed that both of the RPS and CS at the bottom of the stem gradually decrease with the increase of the internode;and this indicator has a significant positive correlation with plant height;stem breakage during silage harvesting was the key factor that would lead to maize lodging;Among all tested maize cultivars,32D22,Xianyu1692,Dongdan606 and KXA4574 showed stronger comprehensive lodging-resistance.