原发性肺癌病理特点及预后结局的影响因素分析

Analysis of Pathological Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Primary Lung Cancer

目的探讨原发性肺癌病理特点及预后结局的影响因素。方法选取2018年5月-2019年6月我院收治的70例原发性肺癌患者,对患者进行病理切片,观察其病理特点;对患者进行1年随访,记录生存率,并对影响其预后的因素进行分析。结果病理结果显示患者主要为腺癌和鳞癌,其次为小细胞癌、细支气管肺泡癌、腺鳞癌。1年随访结果显示,22例患者死亡,48例存活,1年生存率为68.57%。单因素结果显示,患者年龄、肺部疾病及病变位置对其预后无影响,不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者性别、吸烟史、肿瘤史、病理类型、淋巴转移、远处转移、临床分期及治疗方式对预后有影响,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Cox回归分析,男性、吸烟、合并肿瘤、有淋巴和远处转移、癌症晚期是影响原发性肺癌患者预后的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论原发性肺癌常见类型为腺癌和鳞癌,早期症状不明显,发展至晚期后对其生命造成严重威胁,需早期诊断发现并及时治疗;经多因素分析,男性、吸烟、合并肿瘤、有淋巴和远处转移、癌症晚期为原发性肺癌预后的影响因素。

Objective To analyze the pathological characteristics and prognostic factors of primary lung cancer.Methods 70 patients with primary lung cancer admitted to our hospital from May 2018 to June 2019 were selected and their pathological features were observed;The patients were followed up for one year,the survival rate was recorded,and the factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed.Results The pathological results showed that adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma were the main types,followed by small-cell carcinoma,bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma.Results of 1-year follow-up showed that 22 patients died and 48 survived,with a 1-year survival rate of 68.57%.Single factor results showed that age,pulmonary disease and lesion location had no effect on the prognosis(P>0.05),while gender,smoking history,tumor history,pathological type,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis,clinical stage and treatment methods had significant influence on the prognosis(P<0.05).Cox regression analysis showed that male,smoking,tumor,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis and advanced cancer were the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with primary lung cancer(P<0.05).Conclusion The common types of primary lung cancer are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.The early symptoms are not obvious,while the advanced stage poses a serious threat to the life of the patients,which requires early diagnosis and timely treatment.After multi-factor analysis,male,smoking,tumor,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis,and advanced cancer are the factors influencing the prognosis of primary lung cancer.