基于深层知识建构的小学综合实践课程的教学策略研究

A study on the Teaching Strategy of the Comprehensive Practice Course of Primary School Based on the Construction of Deep Knowledge

随着新课改的深入推进及教育信息化2.0行动计划的出台,利用新的教育理念变革教与学的过程,实现学习过程从浅层到深层的转变需求越来越迫切。知识建构是学习科学领域中的一种创新式教学理念,国内外研究实践表明它在促进学生深层知识建构方面发挥着积极的作用。研究根据综合实践课程的特点和知识建构的教学原则,以“观点”为中心,将小学综合实践课程划分为观点提出阶段、观点联结阶段和观点收敛阶段,提出了对应的观点激发策略、对话形成策略和讨论推进策略、共识整合策略。通过小学六年级综合实践课程的实践表明,基于深层知识建构的小学综合实践课程的教学设计策略,能够在一定程度上促进学生主动建构社区共享知识和学生高阶思维的发展,有利于实现深层学习的发生和发展。

With the deepening of the new curriculum reform and the introduction of the educational informational action plan2.0,it is more and more urgent to use the new educational concept to change the process of teaching and learning so as to realize the transformation of learning process from shallow to deep.Knowledge construction is an innovative teaching concept in the field of learning science.The research and practice at home and abroad show that it plays an active role in promoting students'deep knowledge construction.According to the characteristics of the comprehensive practice course and the teaching principles of knowledge construction,this paper divided the comprehensive practice course of primary school into three stages,including of the stage of putting forward views,the stage of connecting views and the stage of converging views.and it put forward corresponding strategies of stimulating views,forming dialogues,promoting discussions and integrating consensus.Through the practice of the sixth grade comprehensive practice course in primary school,it showed that the teaching design strategy of the comprehensive practice course in primary school based on the construction of deep knowledge can promote the development of students'active construction of community shared knowledge and students'high-level thinking to a certain extent,which was conducive to the occurrence and development of deep learning.