哈萨克族居民婚姻满意度现状及社会心理影响因素

Survey on Kazak Marital Satisfaction Status and Their Social Psychological Factors

目的:探讨新疆哈萨克族婚姻满意度现状及社会心理影响因素,为开展哈萨克族婚姻家庭心理咨询和心理治疗提供依据。方法:采用分层、整群、方便抽样的方法,选取新疆18~65岁已婚哈萨克族450人,采用自编调查表、简版冲突测量量表(CTS-2)、觉察压力量表(PSS)、Olson婚姻质量问卷(ENRICH)进行测量。结果:在伴侣相处方式上,专断型婚姻满意度得分低于民主型(t=4.75,P<0.05);在工作状况上,已退休的个体婚姻满意度得分低于无工作或无固定工作的个体且低于有固定工作的个体(F=4.05,P<0.05)。婚姻满意度得分与控制感、预测感、超载感及觉察压力总分均呈负相关(r=-0.21、-0.17、-0.23、-0.25,均P<0.01);婚姻满意度与精神暴力、躯体暴力及暴力行为总分均呈负相关(r=-0.18,P<0.01,r=-0.13、-0.12,P<0.05)。哈萨克族居民婚姻满意度得分为35.64±5.58,与国内常模相比差异不显著(t=-0.90,P=0.36)。工作状况、受教育程度、家庭人均月收入对婚姻满意度有正向预测作用,控制感、预测感、精神暴力对婚姻满意度有负向预测作用。结论:哈萨克族居民婚姻满意度处于中等水平。良好的工作状况、较高的受教育程度及家庭人均月收入、较低的主观觉察压力水平和精神暴力发生率是婚姻满意度的保护因素。

Objective:To explore the status quo of marital satisfaction and social psychological influencing factors of Kazakhspeoplein Xinjiangand to provide the basis for the psychological counseling and psychotherapy of Kazakh marriage and family.Methods:Totally 450 married Kazakhs aged 18-65 years old in Xinjiang were selected byusing stratification,cluster and sampling method.They were assessed with the self-designed questionnaire,the Conflicts Tactics Scale-2(CTS-2),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS)and Olson Marital Quality Questionnaire(ENRICH).Results:In the way of getting along with partners,the satisfaction score of the authoritative marriage is lower than that of the democratic one(t=4.75,P<0.05);In terms of working status,the marriage satisfaction score of retired individuals is lower than non-working or non-fixed working individuals,and lower than that of fixed working individuals(F=4.05,P<0.05).The marriage satisfaction score was negatively correlated with the total scores of sense of control,prediction,overload and perceived stress(r=-0.21,-0.17,-0.23,-0.25,all P<0.01);Marital satisfaction was negatively correlated with total scores of mentalviolence,physicalviolence,and violent behavior(r=-0.18,P<0.01,r=-0.13、-0.12,P<0.05).The Kazakh residents'marital satisfaction score is 35.64±5.58.Compared with the domestic norm,the difference is not significant(t=-0.90,P=0.36).Work status,education level,and per-capita monthly household income have a positive predictive effect on marital satisfaction,and a sense of control,predictivity,and mental violence have a negative predictive effect on marital satisfaction.Conclusion:Kazakh residents'marital satisfaction is in the middle level.Good working conditions,higher education level and monthly income per family,lower subjective perception pressure level and incidence of mental violence are the protective factors of marital satisfaction.