中国特色政府监管机构理论体系及其改革思路

The Theoretical System and Reform Thoughts for the Government Regulatory Agencies with Chinese Characteristics

市场经济体制下的政府监管体系是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,而政府监管机构体系又是政府监管体系的核心要素,这要求根据中国国情不断完善中国特色监管机构体系。通过继续推进大部门制改革和培育与发展专业监管机构,精干的国务院部委和高效的专业监管机构将成为中国政府行政组织的两大基本构架。研究表明,中国现有政府监管机构体系还存在自身难以克服的体制性问题。为此,本文按照政府监管机构与政府行政部门的相对独立性,重点研究独立设置监管机构、大部门制下相对独立监管机构和政府行政部内设综合性监管机构这三种基本模式,以构建具有中国特色的政府监管机构体系,并提出了相应的改革思路。

The government regulatory system is one of the most important Chinese governance systems in the context of market mechanism.In terms of the government regulatory system,regulatory agency system is the central factor,which continuously requires perfecting the regulatory agency system with Chinese characteristics based on China’s actual conditions.By means of unremittingly furthering super ministry system reform,cultivating and developing professional regulatory agencies,the keen-witted and capable ministries and highly efficient professional regulatory agencies led by the State Council,will become the two main basic Chinese government administration structures.Researches show that insurmountable institutional issues still exist in the regulatory agency system.As a result,under the principle of independence this paper mainly focuses on the research of a theoretical pattern concerning three government regulatory modes:independently established regulatory agencies,comparatively independent regulatory agencies under the super ministry system and comprehensive regulatory agencies.