青年恩格斯对英国工人运动的社会历史性解读及其理论意义

The Young Engels' Social and Historical Interpretation of the British Workers' Movement and Its Theoretical Significance

青年恩格斯对英国工人运动的社会历史性解读,不只是为了描述政治维度上的工人斗争史,而且是为了揭示工人运动史的社会历史观基础,即工业革命与英国市民社会关系的内在矛盾运动是如何决定着工人运动的前提条件、发展进程及一般结果的。正是从这一视角入手,恩格斯对英国工人的贫困、工人阶级的历史观自觉、政党对一般工人群众的引领、工人运动的分阶段目标等问题都作出了深刻的解读。强调恩格斯工人运动观的这一理论维度,不仅可以帮助我们深化对其社会主义理论的理解,而且也能使我们更加全面地领会唯物史观与科学社会主义理论的内在统一性。

The Young Engels' historical investigation of the development of the British workers' movement not only describes the history of workers' struggle in the political dimension,but also reveals the social and historical basis of the history of the workers' movement;that is,how the internally contradictory movement of the Industrial Revolution and British civil society determined the preconditions,development process,and general results of the workers' movement.It is from this perspective that he made a profound interpretation of the poverty of British workers,the consciousness of the working class's historical view,the party's leading of the workers in general,and the phased goals of the workers' movement.Emphasizing this theoretical dimension of Engels' view of the workers' movement can not only help us to deepen our understanding of his socialist theory,but also make us understand the internal unity of historical materialism and scientific socialism more comprehensively.