渗透汽化分离膜的制备与应用研究进展

Advances of preparation and application of pervaporation separation membrane

渗透汽化作为一种新型的膜分离技术,具有高效、节能、无污染等优点,可用于有机溶剂脱水、有机物水混合液分离有机物以及有机物有机物混合液的分离。有机聚合物具有成膜能力强、成本低、易改性等优点,是一种多用途的分离膜。然而,均质有机膜的通量通常较低,仍然是阻碍渗透汽化大规模工业应用的关键问题。由于渗透汽化分离膜是决定分离过程整体效率的关键因素之一,笔者从膜制备工艺、主要应用和新兴分离膜的角度对渗透汽化分离膜的最新研究进展进行综述。

Pervaporation,as a new membrane separation technology,has the advantages of high efficiency,energy saving and pollution free,which could be used for dehydration of organic solvents,and removing organic matters from organic-organic mixtures and organic-aqueous solutions.Organic polymer has the advantages of strong film-forming ability,low cost,easy physical and chemical modification,and therefore could be applied as a novel kind of multi-purpose separation membrane.However,the flux of homogeneous organic membrane is usually low,which is still the main problem to hinder the large-scale industrial application of pervaporation.As pervaporation membrane was one of the key factors to determine the overall efficiency of the separation process,this paper reviewed the latest research progress of pervaporation membrane from the perspective of membrane preparation process,main applications and emerging separation membrane.