女青年日间尿失禁患病率现况及对心理的影响

Prevalence of daytime urinary incontinence in Chinese young women and its psychological effects

目的通过问卷调查一年级女大学生,了解我国女青年日间尿失禁(DUI)的患病率、危险因素及对心理、生活的影响。方法从2018年9月至2019年10月,对河南省在全国招生的一年级13785名女大学生(年龄18~22岁)采用匿名方式调查DUI情况。女大学生来自全国的23个省、368个城市。调查内容包括:①尿失禁问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF);②自尊量表(SES);③抑郁自评量表(SDS)、生活质量量表(QoL)等。结果实际发放问卷13785份,回收13082份,有效问卷12902份,有效回收率为93.6%。结果显示DUI患病率为5.5%。不同居住地、年龄、是否痛经、月经初潮的不同年龄之间DUI患病率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。是否有泌尿系感染史、便秘、肥胖、月经是否规律、月经量是否正常,DUI的患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DUI组自尊的得分低于正常组,而抑郁的得分明显高于正常组(P<0.001),生活质量的得分无显著性差异(P=0.512)。结论DUI在女青年中存在较高的患病率,其主要危险因素有泌尿系感染、肥胖、便秘、月经不规律,同时对心理健康产生了显著影响。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of day time urinary incontinence(DUI)in young women and its effects on mental health and quality of life.Methods During Sep.2018 and Oct.2019,13785 female students aged 18-22 years who were enrolled from 23 provinces and 368 cities by universities in Henan Province were surveyed anonymously with Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form(ICI-Q-SF),self-esteem scale(SES),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and quality of life(QoL)scale.Results A total of 13785 questionnaires were distributed,13082 were collected,and 12902(93.6%)were qualified for statistical analysis.The overall prevalence of DUI was 5.5%.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DUI among young females with different places of residence(urban or rural),age,dysmenorrhea and menarche(P>0.05).There was significant difference in the prevalence of DUI among individuals with history of urinary tract infection,constipation,obesity,irregular menstruation and abnormal menstruation(P<0.05).The DUI group had lower self-esteem score but higher depression score than the non-DUI group(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in QoL score(P=0.512).Conclusion The prevalence of DUI is high in young women and has a significant impact on mental health.Its risk factors include urinary tract infection,obesity,constipation and irregular menstruation.