《资本论》关于机器的资本主义应用思想及其时代价值

Das Kapital on the Capitalist Application Thought of Machine and Its Times Value

马克思在《资本论》第一卷“机器和大工业”中较集中地阐述了机器的资本主义应用思想,揭示了机器的资本主义应用的目的是追求剩余价值这一本质,机器的资本主义应用必然导致无产阶级的贫困化,进而激化资本主义基本矛盾和社会矛盾。这一思想区分了机器与机器的应用,将机器的应用置于资本主义生产关系中加以考察,批判了资产阶级虚假的道德原则。因此,科学认识发达资本主义国家的科技进步,必须要区分科技进步与资本主义条件下科学技术应用的不同,认清资本主义条件下科学技术的应用受到资本操控的本质,它既不能给人类带来普遍的福祉,也不是资本主义的“护身符”。

In the first volume of das kapital,Machine and Big Industry,Marx concentrated on the capitalist application thought of machine,revealed that the essence of the capitalist application of machine is to pursue surplus value.The capitalist application of machine will inevitably lead to the impoverishment of the proletariat and further intensify the basic contradictions of capitalism and society.This thought distinguishes the application of machines from machine,examines the application of machine in the capitalist relations of production,and criticizes the false moral principles of the bourgeoisie.Therefore,to scientifically understand the scientific and technological progress of developed capitalist countries,we must distinguish the scientific and technological progress from the application of science and technology under capitalist conditions,and recognize the essence of the application of science and technology under capitalist conditions which are controlled by capital.It can neither bring universal welfare to human beings,nor is it a talisman of capitalism.