阴道分娩产后出血的原因分析及护理

Cause Analysis and Nursing of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Vaginal Delivery

目的分析阴道分娩产后出血的原因及护理。方法选取我院于2016年5月至2019年5月收治的阴道分娩产后出血患者74例,回顾性分析所有患者的临床资料,对阴道分娩产后出血的原因以及护理方法进行分析。结果所有产妇中发病原因可分为,宫缩乏力58例,占比78.4%,软产道裂伤9例,占比12.2%,胎盘异常7例,占比9.5%。宫缩乏力与软产道裂伤、胎盘异常相比较,χ^2=88.430、96.355,P=0.001、0.001。其中宫缩乏力的占比远高于其余原因,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。并且记录所有患者的出血量后,平均出血量为(745.30±119.41)mL,所有产妇在经过治疗与护理后,均恢复良好并顺利出院。结论阴道分娩产后出血主要原因为宫缩乏力,亦可因为软产道裂伤、胎盘异常导致,给予患者心理护理、子宫按摩、宫缩剂注射等治疗护理后,具有一定疗效。

Objective To analyze the causes and nursing of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery.Methods Seventy-four cases of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery were selected from May 2016 to May 2019.The clinical data of all patients were retrospectively analyzed.The causes and nursing methods of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery were analyzed.Results Among all the puerperas,58 cases(78.4%)had uterine atony,9 cases(12.2%)had soft birth canal laceration,and 7 cases(9.5%)had abnormal placenta.Compared with laceration of soft birth canal and abnormal placenta,uterine atony was χ^2=88.430,96.355,P=0.001,0.001.The proportion of uterine inertia was much higher than that of other causes,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After recording the amount of bleeding in all patients,the average amount of bleeding was(745.30±119.41)mL.After treatment and nursing,all the puerperas recovered well and discharged smoothly.Conclusion The main cause of postpartum hemorrhage in vaginal delivery is uterine inertia.It can also be caused by soft birth canal laceration and abnormal placenta.After psychological nursing,uterine massage and uterine contraction injection,it has certain curative effect.