长江流域淡水生态系统内分泌干扰物、药物和个人护理品的风险排序

Risk Ranking of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds, Pharmaceuticals, and Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment of the Yangtze River Basin

作为新兴污染物,内分泌干扰物、药物和个人护理品因其排放对水环境安全产生的风险而引起了广泛关注.本文以长江流域为例,以69种内分泌干扰物、药物和个人护理品的环境暴露数据和生态毒性数据为基础,计算它们的生态风险并进行高低排序,以识别最优先控制的污染物.结果表明,内分泌干扰物和个人护理品对水生生态系统的风险较高,如雌酮(estrone)、雌三醇(estriol)、17β-雌二醇(17β-estradiol)、双酚S(bisphenol S)、阿特拉津(atrazine)、三氯卡班(triclocarban)和三氯生(triclosan);而药物的风险低500倍或更多.相较而言,药物中风险较高的属抗生素类.湘江和洪湖及其周边河流内多种污染物的浓度呈现出最高值,是长江流域污染最重的区域,其次是太湖、洞庭湖和长江三角洲地区.与藻类和虫类相比,鱼类是对内分泌干扰物、药物和个人护理品最敏感的物种,尤其对17α-乙炔雌二醇(17α-ethynylestradiol)和17β-雌二醇.本文的研究结果可对我国化学品的监测和管理提供数据支撑.

Endocrine disrupting compounds(EDCs),pharmaceuticals,and personal care products(PPCPs)have been of great concern as emerging contaminants of aquatic environments.In this study,the risks of EDCs and PPCPs in the Yangtze River Basin were ranked,based on their environmental exposure datasets and ecotoxicity datasets.The prioritized chemicals were then identified.The results found that EDCs and personal care products were deemed to represent higher risks to aquatic organisms,for example,estrone,estriol,17β-estradiol,bisphenol S,atrazine,triclocarban,and triclosan,while the risks of pharmaceuticals were 500-fold lower.Among the pharmaceuticals,antibiotics posed relatively higher risks.The Xiangjiang River and Honghu Lake with its surrounding rivers were hotspots where more chemicals were found with the highest concentrations,followed by Taihu Lake,Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River Delta.When comparing with algae and worms,fish were the most sensitive taxa to 17β-estradiol and 17α-ethynylestradiol.The results of this work provide sound guidance for the future monitoring and management of chemicals in China.