马克思的产业理论对乡村产业振兴的指导意义

The Guiding Significance of Karl Marx’s Industrial Theory to Rural Industry Revitalization

本文首先运用文本诠释法和结构分析法,将马克思的产业理论归结为包括产业演进理论、产业资本理论、产业组织理论、劳动价值理论、收入分配理论、产业部门理论的理论体系。其次,本文运用语义分析法和过程分析法,探讨了马克思的产业理论对推进中国工业化和城市化的指导意义。接着,本文在工业反哺农业、城市反哺农村的意义上探讨了马克思的产业理论对乡村产业振兴的指导意义。研究表明,马克思的产业理论是一个有机整体,揭示了产业发展的客观规律,为乡村产业振兴提供理论指导和基本遵循。马克思的走向人与自然和解的产业演进理论要求乡村发展生态产业,追求价值增殖的产业资本理论要求利用资本增加土地收益,股份公司有规模优势的产业组织理论要求发展农业股份制企业,劳动创造价值的劳动价值理论要求培育新型乡村劳动者,尊重劳动和创造的收入分配理论要求提高乡村劳动者收入,部门之间协调发展的产业部门理论要求维护农业基础地位。总而言之,乡村产业振兴需要发挥政府和市场的作用,在农村建立适应生态产业发展的新型生产方式,实现人与自然、工农城乡的协调发展。

By interpreting the texts and analyzing the text structure,this article summarizes Karl Marx’s industrial theory into a theoretical system,including industrial evolution theory,industrial capital theory,industrial organization theory,labor value theory,income distribution theory and industrial sector theory.It then uses semantic analysis and process analysis to discuss the guiding significance of Marx’s industrial theory to promote China’s industrialization and urbanization.The study further explores the guiding significance of Marx’industrial theory to rural industry revitalization based on“industry nurturing agriculture”and“cities supporting countryside”.The results show that Marx’s industrial theory should be considered as an integrated package,which reveals the objective law of industrial development and provides theoretical guidance for the industrial revitalization.Marx’s industrial evolution theory that advocates the reconciliation between man and nature requires the development of ecological industries in rural areas;the industrial capital theory that focuses on value multiplication implies that capital should be utilized to increase land revenues;the industrial organization theory with scale advantage of joint-stock companies requires the development of agricultural joint-stock enterprises;the labor value theory in which labor creates value calls for the cultivation of new-type rural workers;the income distribution theory that worships labor and creativity requires increasing the income of rural workers;and the industrial sector theory that focuses on the coordinated development among departments requires safeguarding the fundamental position of agriculture.In a word,in the process of rural industry revitalization,the government and market should play a role in establishing a new mode of production to adapt to the development of ecological industry in rural areas,and achieve the coordinated development between man and nature,between industry and agriculture,as well as between urban and rural areas.