文化差异与中国农村人口流动意愿——基于“稻米理论”的视角

Cultural Differences and Rural Population’s Mobility Willingness in China:From the Perspective of“Rice Theory”

文章基于“稻米理论”,利用CLDS2016的数据,研究了文化差异对农村人口流动意愿的影响。研究结果表明,在加入控制变量、关注了内生性和样本选择偏误之后,相比于主产粮为非稻米的农村,主产稻米的农村居民有更低的流动意愿。依据稻米理论,文章对主产粮形成文化差异的机制进行检验,发现因灌溉系统的高成本和公共品属性,用水需求更高的稻米区具备了更高的集中灌溉设备拥有概率和集中灌溉面积,促成了人际交往合作和集体主义文化的产生。进一步地,文章探讨了文化差异影响人口流动意愿的内在机制,发现集体主义文化的稻米区有更高的社会资本量和农业专业化程度,不利于人口流动。

Based on the“rice theory”,this article examines the impact of cultural differences on the mobility willingness of rural population.The results show that after adding control variables,focusing on endogeneity and sample selection errors,the rural residents who mainly produce rice have lower mobility willingness than those whose main crop production is not rice.According to the“rice theory”,this study examines the mechanism of cultural differences in main grain production.It finds that due to the high cost of irrigation system and the attribute of public goods,in rice-production areas with higher water demand,there exist higher probability of centralized irrigation equipment and centralized irrigation areas,which contributes to the emergence of interpersonal cooperation and collectivism culture.Furthermore,the study explores the internal mechanism of cultural differences affecting the mobility willingness of rural population,and finds that the rice areas with collectivism culture have higher social capital and agricultural specialization,which is not conducive to population mobility.